Object-Oriented Python

Python supports object-oriented programming with classes and objects.

Defining Classes

python

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        self.name = name
        self.breed = breed
    
    def bark(self):
        return f"{self.name} says Woof!"

my_dog = Dog("Buddy", "Golden Retriever")
print(my_dog.bark())  # Buddy says Woof!

Inheritance

python

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    
    def speak(self):
        raise NotImplementedError

class Cat(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return f"{self.name} says Meow!"

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return f"{self.name} says Woof!"

Properties

python

class Circle:
    def __init__(self, radius):
        self._radius = radius
    
    @property
    def radius(self):
        return self._radius
    
    @radius.setter
    def radius(self, value):
        if value < 0:
            raise ValueError("Radius cannot be negative")
        self._radius = value
    
    @property
    def area(self):
        return 3.14159 * self._radius ** 2